SHAC Autumn Meeting – ‘Alchemy and Chemistry in the Long Eighteenth Century’

 One day in-person meeting to be held on Saturday 25 November 2023.  B.4.04, Cruciform Building, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT. 

Please register (fee £20) at https://www.ticketsource.co.uk/society-for-the-history-of-alchemy-and-chemistry/t-dvpgxjr 

10.00 Registration and coffee   
10.30 Malika Basu  Alchemy to Chemistry in the Long Eighteenth Century – Incredible changes within the Indian Historical Tradition   
11.00 Hjalmar Fors (remote)   The alchemists children: Managing an alchemical heritage in the 18th Century 
11.30 Coffee   
12.00 Presentation of SHAC’s Oxford Part II Prize to Eleanor Smith and the Partington Prize to Armel Cornu   
12.10 Armel Cornu  Reintroducing the Senses in Narratives of Eighteenth-century Chemistry   
12.40 Mieke Adriaens and Pieter Beck  Replicating the Fontana-Ingenhousz eudiometer   
1.10 Lunch – please make your own arrangements, but a group will be going to the Wellcome café    
2.30 Anna Simmons  Inside the shop: Women, Apothecaries and Pharmacy in the Long 18th Century   
3.00 Nicholas Zumbulyadis (remote)  The Beginnings of Cobalt Chemistry in the early 18th Century (1700-1730)   
3.30 Matthew Eddy  The Inquiring Diarist:  Jane Ewbank and the Cultural Context of Experimental Philosophy in Late Georgian Yorkshire   
4.00 Tea   
4.30 John Christie   Past and Presence: Alchemy and Chemists in the European Long 18th-Century   
5.00 Hasok Chang   The forgotten history of contact electrochemistry   
5.30 A glass of wine   

Call for Papers: SHAC Postgraduate Workshop “Uncovering the Secrets of the Universe”

13 January 2024, Online / St John’s College, University of Oxford 

The Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry (SHAC) invites proposals for the 2024 iteration of its annual postgraduate workshop, “Uncovering the Secrets of the Universe.” This conference explores the relationship between the (al)chemical sciences and the fundamental nature of our reality. From the mystical practitioners of Late Antique Egypt who used alchemy as a practice to understand salvation, to the archaic understanding of earth, air, wind, and fire as the four elements to explain the properties which we see in the world around us, without forgetting the chemists of today and their use of the periodic table to explain the makeup of the cosmos and the astrochemists who seek to understand interactions in worlds beyond our own, (al)chemists have always used their practice in an attempt to dig up and expose the mysteries of the universe. How have alchemy and chemistry been used throughout history to understand the very makeup of the cosmos? How have they been used as a framework to interpret the natural, as well as the supernatural? To what extent have (al)chemists throughout history perceived themselves as the discoverers and guardians of cosmic secrets, and with what consequences for their work?  

We welcome proposals for 15-20 minute talks by graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and other scholars. If you are interested in presenting your work, please send an abstract of maximum 300 words and a short bio to SHAC Student Representative Josh Werrett, at studentrep@ambix.org. The deadline for submissions is 15th December 2023. 

Upcoming SHAC events

There are several events and publications taking place in the new few weeks, including  a SHAC seminar and the Autumn SHAC meeting:

1.     Next SHAC on-line seminar, Thursday, 9 November 2023, 5pm GMT 

The next on-line seminar of the Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry will be given by Dr Adrian Wilson (University of Leeds) who will present: 

Some discontinuities in eighteenth-century instrumentation 

The pneumatic trough and the Fahrenheit thermometer are well recognised as eighteenth-century inventions of lasting importance. They become even more interesting, I shall propose, if we attend to certain discontinuities in the processes by which they came into the world. In respect of the thermometer, this exploration will draw on recent papers by Powers (2014) and McCaskey (2020); the pneumatic trough seems still to await correspondingly close investigation, but there are ample indications that such investigation would be worthwhile. I shall conclude by raising the question as to why such discontinuities have tended to be overlooked. 

This will be live on Thursday, 9 November 2023, beginning at 5.00pm GMT (6.00pm CET, 12noon ET, 9.00am PT). The format will be a talk of 20-30 minutes, followed by a moderated discussion of half an hour.  

As with recent seminars the Zoom link can be freely accessed by anyone, member of SHAC or not, by booking through the following TicketSource link: https://www.ticketsource.co.uk/society-for-the-history-of-alchemy-and-chemistry/t-krqpqkx

The seminar will be also accessible live on YouTube at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_BmDXfvdCCA

2.     Publication of On Alums and Salts by Pseudo-Rāzī, translated, edited and introduced by Gabriele Ferrario

The Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry (SHAC) is delighted to announce the forthcoming publication of the second volume of Sources, the supplement to the Society’s quarterly journal Ambix published by Taylor and Francis.

This volume will publish On Alums and Salts by Pseudo-Rāzī, translated, edited and introduced by Gabriele Ferrario. This Arabic alchemical treatise, produced in 12th-century Al-Andalus, gained wide fame in its Latin translations and is also represented by a very peculiar Hebrew manuscript witness. The Sources edition will include the Arabic and Hebrew texts with translations into English. On Alums and Salts tells the story of the active acquisition of chemical knowledge, of lexical creativity and ingenuity, and of scientific engagements that seamlessly crossed chronological, linguistic, cultural and religious boundaries.

Gabriele Ferrario is assistant professor of the history of science at the University of Bologna. He received his PhD from the University of Venice in 2007 and subsequently worked in London, Philadelphia, Cambridge and Baltimore.

Those who are members of SHAC at the end of 2023 will receive a copy of Sources as part of their membership (SHAC can be joined at https://www.ambix.org/membership/subscription-2/). It will also be published on-line open access available via the Taylor and Francis website.

SHAC chair, Professor Frank James, commented that ‘I am delighted that SHAC is publishing this influential text in its Sources series which is a major contribution to studying medieval alchemy.’

3. Save the Date – SHAC Autumn Meeting ‘Alchemy and Chemistry in the Long Eighteenth Century’at University College London, 25 November 2023, starting at 10 am. Speakers include Mieke Adriaens and Pieter Beck, Malika Basu, Armel Cornu, Hasok Chang, John Christie, Matthew Eddy, Hjalmar Fors, Anna Simmons and Nicholas Zumbulyadis. Booking details to follow soon.

4.     SHAC AGM Minutes: Minutes of the SHAC AGM held on Zoom on 3 May 2023 are available at: https://www.ambix.org/meeting-minutes/

5.     Call for Abstracts – 9th EuChemS Chemistry Congress, Dublin, 7-11 July 2024. SHAC Members may be interested in the Call for abstracts for the 9th EuChemS chemistry congress in Dublin: Call for Abstracts – EuChemS 2024 . Submissions on history, education, cultural heritage and ethics in chemistry are warmly welcomed. Call for abstracts closes on Friday 8 December 2023.

6.     Ambix New Content Alerts. Members are reminded that they can sign up for new content alerts for Ambix. Details in flyer below. Articles are available online in advance of the issue’s publication. You can read Armel Cornu’s Partington Prize winning essay, ‘Senses and Utility in the New Chemistry’ from the November 2023 Ambix now at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00026980.2023.2265681?src=

Next online seminar: British 2nd WW Nerve Agent Research


The next on-line seminar of the Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry will be given by Dr Alison McManus (Johns Hopkins University) who will present  

“A Compound of Considerable Interest”: British Nerve Agent Research during the Second World War   


This will be live on Thursday, 23 March 2023, beginning at 5.00pm GMT (6.00pm CET, 1pm ET, 10.00am PT). The format will be a talk of 20-30 minutes, followed by a moderated discussion of half an hour.  

As with recent seminars the Zoom link can be freely accessed by anyone, member of SHAC or not, by booking through the following Eventbrite link: 

https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/shac-on-line-seminar-dr-alison-mcmanus-tickets-570573399397

Alternatively, the seminar can be accessed live on YouTube at https://youtube.com/live/aexu17ziSVA.

Most previous on-line seminars can be found on the SHAC YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/SocietyforHistoryofAlchemyandChemistry

“A Compound of Considerable Interest”: British Nerve Agent Research during the Second World War   

Alison McManus  

During the Second World War, British chemists nearly developed organophosphate nerve agents to rival the rumoured German superweapons that we now know as tabun, sarin, and soman. They did so under the aegis of the Chemical Defence Experimental Station (CDES) at Porton Down, which issued research contracts to the Chemistry and Physiological Laboratories at the University of Cambridge. In this talk, I reconstruct the chemical screening programs that took place within these laboratories, highlighting acts of intelligence gathering, the interpretation of evidence, and iterative experimentation (some of which drew from parallel work across the Atlantic). As a result of these extensive surveys, chemists and physiologists identified compounds with striking structural similarities to the German nerve agents but which never approached their degree of toxicity. In conclusion, I offer institutional, economic, and epistemological explanations for this infamous “near miss” in military history. 

Workshop: Material Substances in Chemistry and Beyond

Workshop Material Substances in Chemistry and Beyond

Department of the History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge

6 December 2022

The Association for the Discussion of the History of Chemistry (AD HOC) will host a one-day workshop on Tuesday 6 December 2022 exploring the historiography of material substances beyond the traditional boundaries of the history of chemistry.

Material substances – often literally – move across different spaces and disciplines, thereby offering a novel perspective on history. How do we study the different interactions that take place between people and substances? What is the impact of such historical accounts on our traditional understanding of chemistry and its practitioners? And how does this perspective invite us to rethink the way in which we define chemical substances themselves? This workshop will address such questions with the help of three distinguished invited speakers.

The workshop will take place in person at the Department of the History and Philosophy of Science of the University of Cambridge. Lunch will be provided. Registration is free but required (for catering purposes). In order to register, please email snh33@cam.ac.uk with the subject line ‘material substances registration’.

Organizers: Sarah Hijmans and Hasok Chang

Sponsored by the Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry

Programme

9.55-10.00          Introductory remarks

10.00-11.00        Lissa Roberts (University of Twente)

“Material Itineraries”

11.00-12.00        Patricia Fara (University of Cambridge)

“Chemical Canaries: Munitions Workers in World War One”

12.00-1.30          Catered Lunch

1.30-2.30             Simon Werrett (University College London)

“The Sporadic Table”

2.30-3.00             Discussion

Online Seminar Nov 17th: A Not-So-Lazy Henry

The next on-line seminar of the Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry will be given by Professor Peter Forshaw (University of Amsterdam) who will present  

A Not-So-Lazy Henry: Heinrich Khunrath in his Laboratory 


This will be live on Thursday, 17 November 2022, beginning at 5.00pm GMT (6.00pm CET, 12 noon ET, 9.00am PST). The format will be a talk of 20-30 minutes, followed by a moderated discussion of half an hour.  

The Zoom link can be freely accessed by anyone, member of SHAC or not, via the following Eventbrite link: 

https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/shac-online-seminar-professor-peter-forshaw-tickets-459919941927

Alternatively, the seminar can be accessed live on YouTube at https://youtu.be/dQcHH1aenwg


Most previous on-line seminars can be found on the SHAC YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/SocietyforHistoryofAlchemyandChemistry

 


A Not-So-Lazy Henry: Heinrich Khunrath in his Laboratory 

Peter Forshaw

In 1595 Heinrich Khunrath of Leipzig (1560-1605), ‘Doctor of Both Medicines and Faithful Lover of Theosophy’, published the first edition of his elaborately illustrated Amphitheatrum sapientiae aeternae (Amphitheatre of Eternal Wisdom), with an improved and expanded posthumous edition published in 1609. There, and in other works, like On Primaterial Chaos (1597) and On the Fire of the Mages and Sages (1608), he promotes his belief in the necessity of jointly practising a threefold combination of Physico-Chymia, Divine Magic and Christian Cabala. Khunrath’s best-known engraving, the Oratorium-Laboratorium appears in many works as an example of the early modern laboratory space, but Khunrath has often been dismissed as an alchemical mystic, rather than someone with hands-on experience. Here we shall take a closer look at the alchemist in his laboratory, the kinds of alchemy that he practised, his interest in technological design, how he communicated his ideas, and a few examples of how his laboratory work was received.